A) Composition in photography refers to the way a photo is laid out. Several things can make or break the composition of a photo, such as placement of subjects, lighting, background, etc. One tip for creating better composition is to use the Rule of Thirds. Instead of placing the subject directly in the middle of the photo, place him/her/it slightly off to one side, looking or facing into the photo. This allows the viewers eye to be drawn into the photo instead of out of it, and it adds interest. Another rule for good composition is placing the horizon line toward the bottom or top of the image, rather than the middle. This is another example of the rule of thirds. Another thing that could assist you in creating interesting composition is to get down to the eye level of the subject. This allows the viewer to see the subject at a new angle. Also, the use of white space and balance of that space is also important. Using constrasting objects and variations of light through a photograph is very important to the image not being overwhelming. Another thing that helps with composition is the use of lines and texture. Lines cause our eyes to be lead within the picture, giving it a sense of depth and making it seem more 3 dimensional. Texture is a key element of composition because it creates emotion in the viewer and triggers a response. For example, white fluffy snow could trigger a happy childhood memory of sledding on a snowy day. It is almost like feeling things with our eyes. Texture can support the subject or be the subject itself. Next is shape, a 2 dimensional representation in the photograph whcich goes hand in hand with form. It has height but no depth. A silhouette is an example of a shape. A form is a shape with the added dimension of depth. It is an illusion created by the use of shading shadows. These are both good examples of using various lighting to add to the composition.
B) Shutter Speed is one of the most basic important controls on a camera. Shutter speed controls the amount of time that your film, or digital sensor, is exposed to light. In effect, the shutter determines what image is captured on your film. The shutter is a small plastic sheet that opens and closes to allow light onto the film or prevent light from reaching the film. The shutter is opened when you press the shutter release button on your camera to take a picture. The shutter speed determines how long the shutter remains open. Apature goes hand-in-hand with this due to the fact that apeture is everything to do with how wide the lense opening is, controlling the amount of light to hit the sensor. A small apeture opening combined with fast shutter speed would reduce light.
This is my Final Exam Pic:
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